Judicial Authorities Issue AI Guidelines for Judges and Magistrates

In a historic development, the Courts & Tribunal Service has recently published a detailed guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for judges and legal professionals. This guide aims to help them navigate the complex world of AI systems, representing a significant step in integrating technology into the judicial system.

Judicial Authorities Issue AI Guidelines for Judges and Magistrates


As AI technology continues to advance and become more widespread, it is crucial for the judiciary to address the risks associated with its use. The release of this guide shows that the Courts recognize the dangers of unsupervised and unauthorized AI.

One of the main points emphasized in the guide is that judges are personally responsible for the work produced under their name. They are advised to actively supervise the use of AI tools by assistants to ensure accountability and accuracy.


While AI systems can be efficient when used by qualified individuals, it is important to verify and scrutinize their output. In some cases, AI systems may produce plausible but incorrect results. The guide strongly urges legal professionals to be cautious and take measures to ensure the reliability of AI-generated information.

The guide also addresses the challenges posed by public AI systems like chatbots, which may provide inaccurate responses. It emphasizes the need for the legal profession to be aware of the limitations of these systems and seek specific advice for individual cases.

With the increasing sophistication of AI systems, the guide aims to help the judiciary effectively use AI tools while protecting against risks. It includes a glossary of common terms to promote a better understanding of AI.

Data security is another important aspect addressed in the guide, especially when using public AI systems for judicial work. The guide advises using work devices and emails to ensure confidentiality and protect sensitive information. It emphasizes that any data entered into public AI systems should be treated as if it were publicly accessible, highlighting the need for caution.

The Courts & Tribunal Service is actively considering the adoption of AI systems in various areas, including oral hearing transcripts, to improve efficiency and streamline court proceedings. However, the guide also emphasizes the importance of approaching new applications of AI in litigation and the courtroom with caution.

Recognizing the increasing use of generative AI by unrepresented litigants who may not be aware of its errors and limitations, the guide advises judges to rectify biases in public AI systems and be vigilant in handling manipulated materials and deepfake technology.

The guide serves as a general reference for judges and is based on the law and practice as of January 2024. The Courts' working group is continuously developing the guide to keep up with the evolving nature of AI systems in courts.

The release of this guide demonstrates the commitment of the Courts & Tribunal Service to stay at the forefront of technological advancements. By providing clear guidelines and promoting accountability, the guide supports judges in effectively using AI systems while upholding principles of justice and fairness. This timely guide will shape the future of AI integration in the judicial system, ensuring technology is a tool for progress rather than a threat to our legal system's core values.

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